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GROUNDWATER DEGRADATION-CAUSES AND CURES
WOOD, LA
PROCEEDINGS AVAILABLE FROM ENGINEERING PUB. OFFICE, ILL. UNIV.,
112 ENGINEERING HALL, URBANA 61801; PRICE $6.50. IN: PROCEEDINGS
OF 14TH WATER QUALITY CONFERENCE ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY AND
TREATMENT, FEBRUARY 9-10, 1972, ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING, URBANA: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS BULLETIN, VOL
69, NO 120, P 19-25, MAY 26, 1972. 28 REF.
ABOUT 20% OF THE WATER USED IN THE UNITED STATES FOR DOMESTIC,
MUNICIPAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND IRRIGATION PURPOSES IS GROUNDWATER. ITS
AVAILABILITY AT THE POINT OF NEED MAKES GROUNDWATER AN EXTREMELY
VALUABLE NATURAL RESOURCE. HOWEVER, ALL GROUNDWATER IS NO LONGER
PURE AND UNCONTAMINATED BECAUSE THE ACTIVITIES OF MAN HAVE
DEGRADED SOME OF IT. METHODS OR CAUSES OF GROUNDWATER DEGRADATION
ARE (1) WASTE-DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES, (2) ACCIDENTAL SPILLS, (3)
IMPROPER WELL CONSTRUCTION, AND (4) UNINTENTIONAL BYPRODUCTS OF
ACTIVITIES OTHER THAN WASTE DISPOSAL. THE EMPHASIS ON CLEANING UP
THE NATION'S SURFACE WATERS THROUGH THE FEDERAL WATER QUALITY ACT
AND THE NUMEROUS INCIDENTS OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER POLLUTION HAVE
LED TO A NEW INDUSTRY--DEEP WELL INJECTION. SINCE 1950, NEARLY 200
INDUSTRIAL WASTE INJECTION WELLS HAVE BEEN DRILLED IN THE UNITED
STATES. THE TIME REQUIRED TO FLUSH POLLUTION FROM AN AQUIFER WILL
RANGE FROM A COMPARATIVELY SHORT PERIOD TO PERIODS MEASURED IN
GEOLOGIC TIME. MONITORING WASTE MOVEMENT IN AQUIFERS WILL NOT
PREVENT POLLUTION, BUT WILL SHOW WHERE IT IS OR IS NOT. THE MOST
SATISFACTORY CURE FOR GROUNDWATER POLLUTION IS PREVENTION.
(KNAPP-USGS)
 Descriptors: *WATER POLLUTION SOURCES | *GROUNDWATER | WASTE DISPOSAL WELLS | INJECTION WELLS | LANDFILLS | INFILTRATION | GROUNDWATER MOVEMENT | MONITORING | WATER POLLUTION CONTROL | *GROUNDWATER POLLUTION
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