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Naturalization of the rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax , in Lake
Simcoe, Ontario.
MacCrimmon,HR | Pugsley, RW | Gots, BL
Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa ON [CAN. FIELD-NAT.]. Vol. 97,
no. 2, pp. 161-169. 1983.
The Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax ), naturalized in Lake Simcoe
from c. 1960, is now an important component in the sport fishery.
Estimated annual winter angling harvest increased from three smelt
in 1962 to a peak of 234,865 fish in 1973, but has since been
lower. Spring spawning runs were first noted in 1965, with peak
numbers being taken by sport fishermen from 1970 to 1974. The
structure of the spawning population has shown a change in
dominance from age group I to III in 1965, to almost exclusively
to age groups II to III in later years. Fecundity ranged from 4000
to 58,100 eggs. Most spawning in each year normally took place at
night in the gravel riffles of tributary streams (190 eggs cm
super(-2)) at water temperatures of 7 to 11 degree C. Growth of
the smelt population has been concurrent with increased
eutrophication of Lake Simcoe and a decline in Lake Whitefish
(Coregonus clupeaformis ) and Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush )
fisheries.
 Descriptors: Article Subject Terms acclimatization | introduced species | population
growth | Article Taxonomic Terms Osmerus mordax | Article Geographic Terms Canada, Ontario,
Simcoe L.
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