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A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of monthly azithromycin
prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections and HIV-1
in Kenyan sex workers: study design and baseline findings
Fonck, K | Kaul, R | Kimani, J | Keli, F | MacDonald, KS | Ronald, AR | Plummer, FA | Kirui, P | Bwayo, JJ | Ngugi, EN | Moses, S | Temmerman,
M*
International Journal of STD & AIDS [Int. J. STD AIDS]. Vol. 11,
no. 12, pp. 804-811. Dec 2000.
Our objectives were to describe the baseline findings of a trial
of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted
infections (STIs) and HIV-1 in a cohort of Nairobi female sex
workers (FSWs). A questionnaire was administered and a medical
examination was performed. HIV-negative women were randomly
assigned to either one gram azithromycin or placebo monthly. Mean
age of the 318 women was 32 years, mean duration of sex work 7
years and mean number of clients was 4 per day. High-risk
behaviour was frequent: 14% practised anal intercourse, 23% sex
during menses, and 3% used intravenous drugs. While 20% reported
condom use with all clients, 37% never use condoms. However, STI
prevalence was relatively low: HIV-1 27%, bacterial vaginosis 46%,
Trichomonas vaginalis 13%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae 8%, Chlamydia
trachomatis 7%, syphilis 6% and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
(CIN) 3%. It appears feasible to access a population of high-risk
FSWs in Nairobi with prevention programmes, including a proposed
trial of HIV prevention through STI chemoprophylaxis.
 Descriptors: Article Subject Terms Azithromycin | Prostitution | Sexually-transmitted
diseases | Syphilis | Transmission (sexual) | Vaginosis | Article Taxonomic Terms Chlamydia trachomatis | Human immunodeficiency virus 1 | Neisseria
gonorrhoeae | Trichomonas vaginalis
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