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Self-Reported Seat Belt Use in Four Countries: A Telephone Survey
Cammisa, MX | Williams, AF | Ferguson, SA
Crash Prevention and Injury Control [Crash Prev. Injury Control].
Vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 103-110. Aug 2000.
A telephone survey was conducted in four countries in November
1998 to compare drivers in the United States with those in
Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom regarding their
attitudes toward seat belts and belt use laws. More than 90
percent of the 2251 respondents said they thought seat belts are
effective, but self-reported belt use was significantly lower in
the United States than in the other countries. Respondents in
Australia and the United Kingdom had similar views about what they
thought were important reasons for using seat belts and had the
highest self-reported use. Reasons given for using belts by
Canadian and US respondents were quite similar to one another, yet
US respondents had significantly lower self-reported use rates, a
difference thought to be due to vigorous enforcement of the law in
Canada. US drivers were less likely than Australian and UK drivers
to say they used belts out of habit, to avoid a ticket, or because
it is required by law and more likely to say they used belts for
situational reasons. US drivers were least likely to be in favor
of belt use laws. Canadian drivers reported the most experience
being checked by police for belt use and were most likely to think
that nonusers would be caught. US drivers in primary enforcement
jurisdictions were more likely than those in secondary
jurisdictions to think that drivers not using belts would be
caught and more likely to say they always used belts. Results of
this survey indicate that seat belt use in the United States could
be increased by adoption of primary enforcement laws and highly
visible enforcement programs of the type used in Canada, and that
seat belt use could be increased in all countries by increasing
the penalties for nonuse.
 Descriptors: Article Subject Terms Behavior | Legislation | Motor vehicles | Protective
equipment
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